This change was the substitution of the word “nonnutritive” with the word “non-food.” This change was important because individuals could consume products that did not contain nutrients, per say, but were still considered to be food items.
#Autism pica syndrome manual#
The fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (2013) notes an important word change from the previous edition. However, this set of criteria has been altered slightly in order to factor for recent considerations regarding the nature of pica. In some cases pica can include an aversion to the consumption of food items. According to this text (2000), a confirmed diagnosis would require that the patient must meet the criteria, which includes the persistence in the eating of nonnutritive substances for at least one month, the behavior is inappropriate for the developmental level, and the behavior is not a culturally sanctioned practice. In the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition Text Revision, (2000), pica is classified as a feeding and eating disorder characterized of infancy or early childhood.
Pica is considered to be an elusive disorder because of the changing contingencies that make up the definition of pica suitable for diagnosis. The key components to prevention include observation, education, and intervention. Treatment procedures can include environmental enrichment, micronutrient therapy, overcorrection, and physical restraint.
Recommended assessment procedures include close observation by clinicians, physiological examinations in suspected cases of pica, and safe baiting. Currently there are no clinical guidelines for situations regarding pica and cases in clinical institutions often go unreported. Pica etiology is related to gastrointestinal distress, micronutrient deficiency, neurological conditions, and obsessive compulsive disorder. According to the DSM-V (2013) pica is classified as an eating disorder in which an individual consumes non-food substances at least once per month, at a developmental stage in which the behavior is inappropriate, and occurs in a culture that does not sanction such behavior. Pica is a condition that has been prevalent among humans for centuries. Talking to parents is often a great way of gathering ideas, so fingers crossed. I feel an OT sensory assessment maybe helpful, but Mum has been down this route previously without a solution, we are certainly not expecting a quick fix. We have also thought about alternative pads, but feel the ones he wears are best for his continence needs and also don't believe there is an alternative type. He also eats clothing, including gloves, so wearing these would not help.
All the usual 'indestructible' chew items, chewelry and similar, B manages to eat. We would desperately love to find something that gives B the same sensory experience that he has from eating his pads, but that doesn't cause him harm. I've only mentioned this to give a picture of the extent of B's pica. The surgical registrar he saw thought he may have a bezoar, which he didn't. He also pulls out and eats his hair, from anywhere on his body. This happens mainly at night when he is in bedroom alone, obviously Mum and Dad can't be with him all the time. We have recently had to take B to hospital for this very reason. This has caused great problems with his bowels and sadly self harming, because he is in so much pain when the pulled off parts of pad obstruct his bowel. He also has many sensory differences.ī wears pull up pads, but unfortunately also eats large parts of them that he pulls off. I'm going to call him B in the community.ī has pica, which is a both related to his autism and Prada Willi. He lives with Mum and Dad, who are amazing, as is the young man. I support a young autistic man, who also has a learning disability and Prada Willi syndrome.
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